How Mac apps are transforming world sport

Say you were to meet former England rugby captain Steve Borthwick in a bar - what would you talk about once the rugger conversation dried up?
Well, you could bring up the subject of Macs, seeing as they play a key role in helping him - and hundreds of other elite athletes - prepare for their big games.
In football, you'll find Macs at Manchester United, Tottenham Hotspur and Everton, to name just a few Premiership sides. The England national team also uses them, as do the majority of top rugby union sides, national basketball teams and the West Indies cricketers.
With the help of highly trained performance analysts and software written specifically for the Mac, the Apple gear is vital in providing feedback to players about their performances, both during matches and training, as well as post-match. Not only that, it has become a key tool in preparing teams for forthcoming opposition tactics.
The analysis software of choice is Sportstec's SportsCode, which has been Mac-only ever since the company started a decade ago. Sportstec's UK CEO Jon Moore, himself a former rugby coach and analyst with the Welsh Rugby Union and Bath Rugby, revealed that there was only ever one choice of computer for SportsCode to run on.
"The basis was choosing a platform that was going to give us the functionality range that we wanted to achieve," he explains. "There was no question the Mac was going to give that cutting edge. It doesn't crash, it handles video, it compresses while we're in the middle of a performance and it enables us to have information immediately available to coaches during and after a performance."
From LA to Cardiff
A glance at Sportstec's list of clients tells you that performance analysis is a seriously big deal in elite sport. As well as the teams we mentioned above, other users include Chelsea and Liverpool football clubs, David Beckham's LA Galaxy, FIFA, the majority of the top NBA basketball teams and the English national cycling team. Taken together, that's a lot of Macs in high-up places, so we decided to go to the epicentre of the revolution to find out what all the fuss is about.
Tucked away in a quiet suburb of the Welsh capital at the University of Wales Institute Cardiff (UWIC) is the Centre for Performance Analysis (CPA), which is leading the way in performance analysis research and teaching. It's here that a dedicated team of top coaches, analysts and technicians is constantly pushing the boundaries of performance analysis, and training the next generation as part of their postgraduate courses.
From the moment you walk in, it's clear they love anything Apple-related. As we sit in a lab full of the latest 21-inch iMacs, coaches come and go with iPads tucked under their arms or iPhones pressed to their ears. Even the routers are Apple AirPort Extremes, selected in favour of cheaper alternatives for the simple reason that they work so seamlessly with the rest of the Apple kit.
SportsCode's a complex and powerful bit of software that's been designed with ease of use in mind so analysts, coaches and players alike can use it. Before a match or a training session, coaches work with analysts to determine what aspects of play they want to focus on and this is coded into what's called a template.
So in basketball, one such example could be every time a player blocks an opposition's shot. As play begins, a live video stream is fed from a DV camera into the analyst's Mac. With footage rolling in, the analyst attaches appropriate tags to the video. That way, when the coach wants to see all occasions when shots were blocked by opponents, he can watch all the clips one after the other, with no need to rewind or fast-forward long reams of footage.
Given time, this can lead to a huge database of clips that players and coaches can look back on, to gauge progress over a period of time.
Model pros
The assistant coach of the Great Britain women's basketball team, Damian Jennings, is in no doubt about the importance of the Mac's role in performance analysis.

MACS AT WORK: Basketball coach Damian Jennings talks us through some of his recent match analysis
"After four years of using the Mac for performance analysis at UWIC, it's become part of the fabric of what the players do here," he explains. "The interesting test was last summer, when I took it to the GB team for the first time; they were blown away by it. They're used to watching VHS video, but with this we're able to get a Minority Report-style screen of various footage coming up of different situations.
"What the Mac and SportsCode enable you to do is get information fast and instantly respond to players' questions - perhaps about us getting out-rebounded by the opposition - rather than saying 'I'll get back to you tomorrow'. It becomes interactive, so they can ask to see specific aspects, and we can do that at the touch of a button," Jennings says.
As we chat to various coaches, it becomes clear that selling the idea of performance analysis with SportsCode has been made infinitely easier by the fact it runs on Macs.
"If you look at what computers all the players have, they've all got Macs," Jennings enthuses. "Last night we had a performance analysis session where they had to take notes, and about half of them were writing on Macs as opposed to hand-writing."
"It's trendy, isn't it?" Moore agrees. "Everybody wants a Mac, and when you realise how easy and intuitive it is to use, it only takes a short spell with a young player to show them what a Mac can do compared to a PC.
"The players have often got iPhones anyway, so the Mac's an easy sell. It's about lifestyle and empowerment - I was a carpenter and joiner, then for over 20 years I was a professional coach before I became manager of this software. I've come through various different types of employment, but I can manage my own web page, I can video stream - Mac means empowerment."
The Mac bug has bitten plenty of players after they witness the machines used in their performance analysis. Moore goes on: "I've got young players who I mentor, and I use iChat and video chat with them. I can be 200 miles away, sharing their desktop and showing them vital critiques of their game. Tell me how I could do that on a PC without it being too complicated…" He pauses to allow for a response, but you can tell he doesn't expect an answer.
Darrell Cobner, the Director of the CPA who worked with the English rugby union team that won the World Cup in 2003, reflects on his experience.

WINNING COMBINATION: CPA director Darrell Cobner worked with the English rugby World Cup-winning side in 2003
"If you go back to when I was with England rugby, you had the old guard who have been in the game for a long time, who know it inside out and know what they're doing. They probably don't need performance analyses because they're going to reflect on their own performances. But with some of the younger groups, such as the under-21s, you're exposing them to it when they're a bit more familiar with computers in the first place.
"One player who really got to grips with the lineout side of it was Steve Borthwick. He'd take a collection of opposition lineouts and got in amongst the video to know what they were going to do against us," Cobner explains.
The new breed
A smile comes across Moore's face at the mention of the former England Captain. "At that time, I was the Forward and Scrum Coach at Bath," he says. "Steve was one of the first players to say 'I'm buying a Mac'. He was then asking if he could take the footage home to look at. He was the new breed of professional who understood he was investing in a Mac and investing in his future.
"And it made a difference. He was a player who'd just broken into the first team, and we would count his significant moments in a game. When he started, he'd just be breaking into double figures. But studying and looking at situations, and working with the Mac and software to understand how he could deploy himself better, he went up to 30-plus moments in a short period of time," Moore enthuses. "He was the first player to say 'Where's the game, where are my individual moments? Jon, will you sit down with me and go through them?'
"And through that period of sitting with him, we ended up setting up a room where the players could come to look at footage."
Players reviewing and analysing their own footage is something several coaches touch on, and the simplicity of the Mac platform is one of the key enablers. Huw Wiltshire, who spent many years with the Welsh Rugby Union, most recently as their performance manager, is a big advocate of the difference it has made to modern athletes.

TRAINING TOOL: The CPA is the training ground for the next generation of top performance analysts
"When you get players reviewing their performances, you know you're getting the right message through to people, because you've got a player being proactive to the point where they want to generate their own self-analysis or an analysis of the opposition. It's leading us to more self-sufficient athletes," he says.
"The difference I've seen in 15 years of professional rugby is that players are far more educated and critical in a constructive fashion.
"Ultimately, what a lot of the Mac software does is provide simple, clear direction. You don't want people paying lip service, just saying 'Oh, I've done my analysis'. You want them to use it for a purpose, and the Mac is a really powerful piece of kit from a number of perspectives. From the laptop to the iPad and iPhone, to the fact that you can sync and get a congruence between the three, it's a complete performance solution."
Wiltshire's point about Apple's portable devices brings us onto an area of analysis that's growing incredibly fast. With the iOS family, the analysts are no longer limited to providing feedback after a match or training session - they can now feed live, real-time information straight back to the coaches in the dug-out or on the practice pitch.
Basketball coach Jennings has been one of the first to try out the mobile system, and he's already a big fan. "We're using iPod touches at the moment but we hope to have iPads in the future. Half a dozen pieces of statistical information we want there and then get sent to us as coaches, and we can deal with it. Hopefully with the iPad we'll be able to get visual feedback as well," he enthuses.

APPLE KIT: The Apple kit they use at top sports clubs is the same gear many of us have at home
One of the apps they use is iCODA, which links to CODA, another of Sportstec's products. But a lot of the others are the same apps many of us use on a day-to-day basis, including iTeleport, which enables you to control your computer from an iPad, AirDisplay and Air Sharing.
We go upstairs to see another of the CPA's labs, this one with a range of iMacs of different ages adorning the desks, including some of the first Intel models that are now approaching their fifth birthday. It's a testament to the platform that these machines are still able to run such demanding software, even though we're told they're to be replaced fairly soon.
But it's this quality and longevity of the hardware that's totally won the CPA's technical experts over, for the same core reasons that most of us buy Macs.
"With all the software pushing the machines to the limit, they have to be high spec if you want to watch clips back, scroll through video and do compressions in the background," explains Adam Cullinane, a Performance Analysis Officer, as we sit in his office, stacked to the roof with Apple kit, past and present.
He and his colleague Lucy Holmes, the Performance Analysis Laboratory Director, spend their time pushing the Mac hardware and software to its limits. Their current project is to test an AirPort Extreme outside, so that it can be used at larger sports venues, including those where there isn't an electrical socket available.
"We don't have power at a lot of places," Holmes says. "So we've just bought a portable power unit to see if it can run an AirPort Extreme. When we can set up a wireless network out in the field, we'll be able to take everything we do indoors with the basketball and the iPads and iPod touches, and see what more we can do. We know that with the new laptops we can get a decent enough time off the battery if they're fully charged - we can do what we need to with the Macs during a game."

ADVANCED ANALYSIS: SportsTec CEO Jon Moore and CPA director Darrell Cobner are constantly finding new ways to make Macs support top athletes
So battery life is a big deal, and knowing that the CPA does use some PC-based software (the iMacs are dual-boot for this purpose), we tentatively enquire if they ever use PC laptops out in the field, away from a power outlet.
"PC laptop? That's a drinks coaster isn't it?" Holmes grins. "Under normal use, I'd probably get three or four hours out of my PC laptop, compared to double that on a Mac - I'll easily get a whole day of working on my MacBook Pro. Now you won't get a whole day doing the video stuff, but you'll get three hours or so, which is plenty for what we need when setting up for a match, plus half time, extra time - you can easily cover that.
"I've never tried doing a match using a PC laptop, and I wouldn't want to! There's no equivalent piece of software [to SportsCode] on the Windows side either," she says. "The other thing about using Apple hardware is that you don't have to trial it too much to know if it's going to work. If you've got one company making the laptops and the peripherals to go with it, they're going to design it to work."
From academic to analyst
The CPA is more than just an innovation centre in performance analysis - as we mentioned earlier, it's also where some of the top teams' analysts learned their trade. Recent attendee Darren Lewis made the short journey across the Severn Bridge to Premiership side Bath Rugby, where he's now their Head Performance Analyst.
Lewis has kept the open-access setup of iMacs that now-Sportstec CEO Moore devised, enabling the players to go and review the footage in their own time. With fellow analysts David Reed and Aled Griffiths, he is now working to stream video into SportsCode at the club's new training ground.
"We'll have multiple cameras directly feeding to the office so that training can be captured and shared live, so the coaches can be on the pitch reviewing things as they happen," Lewis says. "With the introduction of the iPad, this gives the guys the ability to almost instantly view their last actions, so it's a great learning tool.
"Our strength and conditioning department also use MacBook Pros, and it's a huge benefit to have as many people as possible on the same platform so that information can be shared with ease."
The club's match day setup is equally impressive, as the image opposite shows. "We use at least five MacBook Pros during a game, where the coaches all have the ability to review any aspect of play whenever they choose," Lewis says.
"The reliability and functionality of the Mac means we can carry out our daily tasks without the worry of the computer crashing. We use the SportsCode templates to break the game up into relevant pieces - scrums, lineouts, kicks, tackles and so on. The combined power of the Mac and SportsCode makes our lives a lot easier when we're going through training or games."
The data the analysts collect isn't just kept as tables of figures, either, and it's a testament to the power of iWork '09 that the club chooses it over other, more complex packages.
Lewis explains: "The data we collect via SportsCode is all transferred into Numbers. It's extremely similar to Excel, but Numbers allows us to create effective statistical reports really easily. They're simple to understand and visually pleasing.

CHANGE FOR THE BETTER: Former Welsh Rugby Union performance manager Huw Wiltshire believes Mac-based performance analysis has changed sport for the better
Extra edge
"We work directly with the coaches and players, and the information is distributed to their Macs to do their homework on our upcoming opposition. Everything we do is to provide the guys with as much information as possible to put us in the best position to win."
Before he leaves, Lewis can't help but mention the players' passion for all things Mac. "They love them! On the bus to away games there are MacBooks, iPhones and iPads everywhere - I think the majority of the team owns one…"
It struck us during our visit that the reasons Macs are used in elite sport are exactly the same as why the rest of us choose them over their PC counterparts. They very rarely crash, their handling of video is second-to-none, they can multi-task and notebook battery life is stunning.
They're the same machines we all use on a day-to-day basis, and therein lies the power of your Mac.